中国有句俗话，叫“听话听音，锣鼓听声”。CET4，6的听力测试也概莫能外。为便于大家查找，本文仅以2000年1月的CET- 6听力试题第一部分为例。谈一谈如何领会说话人的意图。
CET4，6第一部分的特点是：男女双方在对话中表达的意思比较含蓄，往往不能为书面选择提供直接的信息，这就要求考生利用逻辑推理的思维过程，分析辨别说话人的意图、目的、态度、要求等，选择正确答案。具体他说可以从以下几个方面进行具体的分析和研究。
一、从语音、语调判断说话人的意图
语音、语调是表达人们思想感情的重要手段之一，相同的词句，用不同的语音、语调表达，其内涵意义也竞全不同。在听力测试中，也常用不同的语音、语调来表达说话人的怀疑、否定，厌烦或肯定、赞叹等。通常用降调，特别是在一般疑问句或反义疑问句中用降调，表示对事物的肯定；用升调，特别是在肯定句中或特殊疑问句中用升调，表示对事物的怀疑和否定。听力测试中有时会出现这样一种情况，当一方提出一个问题时，另一方立即用升调重复这句话中的某一关键词语，通常表示答话人对这一关键性词语所表达意义的否定。近年来这一类题型很少出现，故不再赘述。
二、从事（人）物间的内在联系判断说话人的意图
有些对话中回答人并不正面回答问题。而似乎答非所问。这就需要我们运用解题的逻辑思维与推理过程，也就是通常所说的“顺藤摸瓜”。在需要领会说话人意图这类听力试题中，一些句子的真实含义不是直截了当地摆在我们面前，而是要我们根据对话中揭示的内容去寻找与其有关的其他事物以及它们之间的联系，其联系一般可以在书面选项中找到。
请看例句：
例1 You will hear:
M：Next， shouldn't we get a telephone installed in the hall?
W：Fixing the shower pipe is far more important.
Q: What do we learn from the conversation？
You will read:
A. They have different opinions as to what to do next.
B. They have to pay for the house by installments.
C. They will fix a telephone in the bathroom.
D. The man's attitude is more sensible than the woman's.
本对话中女士没有直接反对安装电话，而是提出安装淋浴喷头更重要。因此，从女士提到的另一事物“淋浴喷头”可以推测出她反对安装电话：二人意见不一致，所以选A。
例2 You will hear:
M：I've noticed that you get letters from Canada from time to time. Would you mind saving the stamps for me？ My sister collects them.
W：My roommate already asked for them.
Q: What does the woman imply?
You will read：
A. She will save the stamps for the man's sister.
B. She will no longer get stamps from Canada.
C. She can't give the stamps to the man's sister.
D. She has given the stamps to the man's roommates.
女士说“My roommate already asked forthem.”，这里的them当然是指stamps。从其提到的另一人物roommate则可以断定该女士的言外之意就是她不可能再对别人做出许诺了，即她不能把邮票给the man's sister。因此选C。
三、从虚拟语气的内涵意义判断说话人的意图
虚拟语气可以表示与事实相反的含义。表示与现在及将来事实相反的虚拟条件时，谓语的主要形式为：当从句为过去式,主句为would／should／could／might+动词原形；表示与过去事实相反的虚拟条件时，谓语动词的主要形式为：当从句为had+过去分词，主句则用would／should／could／might＋have＋过去分词。若从句和主句发生的时间不一致，谓语形式根据表示的时间来调整。在用于wish后的that分句中，表示与现在事实相反的主观设想，及用于if, as if, as thought等引导的分句和suppose或imagine等后面的分句中，表示对现在时间或将来时间的主观设想，则用were型虚拟式。
例3 You will hear:
M：I hope I won't oversleep. I've simply got to catch the first flight to New York.
W： If I were you, I'd request the wakeup call from the hotel reception.
Q: What does the woman advise the man to do?
You wil read:
A. To cancel his trip. B. To go to bed early. C. To catch a later flight. D. To ask for a wake-up call.
本题的解题关键是听懂虚拟句"If I were you, I'd request the wake-up call from the hotel reception."（如果我是你，我会请旅馆服务台打叫醒电话。）女士的隐含意图是建议男士要叫醒电话，所以选D。
例4 You will hear:
M：Jane, what would you do if you were on vacation overseas and lost all your money and credit cards？
W：Well, I guess I'd probably sell my watch and camera-or I might get a job as a waitress somewhere till I made enough money to buy a plane ticket to return home.
Q: What are they talking about?
You will read：
A. An invented story.
B. A real life experience.
C. An imaginary situation.
D. A terrible nightmare.
该对话虽然较长，但只要听到虚拟语气句中“What would you do if you were ...”，就会知道这是表示假设的情景（An imaginary situation），于是选C。
虚拟语气的内涵意义是语法现象在听力测试中的应用，只要掌握好这部分语法，这类听力试题就会迎刃而解。
四、从反义问句的否定含义判断说话人的意图
请看例句：
例5 You will hear:
M：I think I'm going to give up playing tennis. I lost again today.
W：Just because you lost，is that the reason to quit?
Q: What does the woman imply?
You will read：
A. The man should stick to what his doing.
B. The man should take up a new hobby.
C. The man should stop playing tennis.
D. The man should find the cause of his failure.
将整个对话联系起来，一般疑问句“... is that the reason to quit？”就成了反义问句，句子的含义也起了变化，增加了内在含义。这种问句不需要对方回答，称之为修辞问句，往往用来表示说话人否定的内涵。如：Is that a reason for despair?这难道是灰心丧气的理由吗？（这不是灰心丧气的理由）；Is no one going?没有人去吗?（应该有人去）Where does Tom live？W眯要？汤姆住在哪里？谁知道啊！（我也不知道）“... , is that the reason to quit?”的，言外之意就是“难道失败是放弃的理由吗？”也就是劝男士坚持下去。答案为A。反义问句往往比直接回答更为生动幽默，能起到传神的效果，我们不难理解其意义。
五、从短语的含义判断说话人的意图
这是判断说话人的意图中最难掌握的一部分。在这类对话中，说话人通常会借助一些短语、习语、惯用法来表明自己的观点和态度。有时我们听清了录音内容，却不了解其中固定用法的意义因而也不能判断说话人的意图，这就要求我们熟练掌握、积累短语、习语、惯用法的意义。
例6 You will hear:
M: What's the matter? You have been sitting there for ages, just staring into space.
W: I told the Brownings I'd send them a postcard. Now I don't know what to say.
Q: What's the woman doing?
You will read:
A. visiting the Brownings. B. Writing a postcard. C. Looking for a postcard. D. Filling a form.
对话中“for ages”中“ages”的原意是“长时期，几百年”，这里是夸张的用法，意思是“很良长一段时间”。“staring into space”是“怔怔地凝视着前方”，并不是在注视着某一个东西，而是表示在思考着什么。明白了“staringinto space”的意思，则选择正确答案B。
例7 You will hear:
M：My chemistry project is in trouble. My partner and I have totally different ideas about how to proceed.
W：You should try to meet each other half way.
Q: What does the woman suggest?
You will read：
A. The man should work with somebody else.
B. The man should meet his partner's needs.
C. They should come to a compromise.
D. They should find a better lab for the project.
本题的关键在于是否理解短语“to meet each othcr half way”的意思是“通过互让达成一致”。它和C中“come to a compromise”意思相同，因此选C。
对话作为交际语言，总要表达一定的意思或达到一定的目的。我们在听音时要注意情景和语意的整体理解，提纲挈领，抓住其中的关键信息，借助以上几点提示，判断说话人的意图，做出正确选择。
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